Why Is There Good Versus Evil in the World?

Human nature is capable of the most self-sacrificing and heroic acts—a soldier risking his life for his country, a mother protecting her children from harm, a man jumping into a swirling current to save someone who is drowning.

By the same token, people also commit some of the most selfish and revolting acts of cruelty—war crimes, genocide, rape, abuse.

Why does our world have this tension between good and evil?

Our world started as perfect and sinless, but the Bible lets us in on the story of a proud angel who chose to oppose God’s principle of self-sacrificing love and introduce selfishness to our world. He tempted the first humans to doubt God’s goodness and choose the knowledge of evil.

Ever since, the struggle between good and evil has continued.

On this page, we’ll explore what the Bible has to say about this problem of evil and the solution to it.

We’ll look at:

Let’s get started.

What is good, and what is evil?

As the world feels like it's getting darker, the Bible opens to us the light of God's love and sin's darkness.

Photo on Unsplash

Good refers to being morally right or virtuous. A person who helps the needy and promotes a community’s well-being is considered good. 

On the other hand, evil means immorality or wickedness—something that brings about misfortune or suffering. For example, many would say Hitler was an evil man for his cruelty.

The difference between good and evil—and how the two forces work—is a subject that has baffled many. 

Theologians, philosophers, and even scientists have attempted to explain this dualism—the existence of both goodness and evil in the world and in us. 

Here are some of their viewpoints: 

  • St. Augustine of Hippo described evil as “spoiled goodness” that comes to play when humans choose “a lesser good.”
  • Thomas Aquinas saw evil as a lack of goodness and believed it served a greater good.
  • In Buddhism, good and evil aren’t mutually exclusive. Instead, they are relative qualities existing in us on a spectrum, and we can cultivate goodness over evil.
  • C.S. Lewis, a 20th-century Christian apologist, saw evil as spoiled goodness that’s made possible by man’s free will.1
  • Evolutionary biologists believe that both good and evil behaviors have their roots in selfishness. Even actions that might help others and seem selfless are hidden forms of looking out for self. 

Adventists have also looked at this topic and drawn their understanding from what the Bible teaches about it.

We’ll look at that next.

What is the biblical understanding of good and evil?

The Bible acknowledges the existence of both good and evil. Goodness is rooted in who God is—selfless love. Evil, on the other hand, is separate from Him and His character. It came from the choice of a being to turn away from God’s goodness.

Here’s more on the origins of good and evil.

God is the source of all goodness

The Bible tells us that everything started as “very good” (Genesis 1:31, NKJV)—that God created everything perfect

God Himself is good. So everything He does or creates is also good. 

The Bible also says, “God is love” (1 John 4:8, ESV).

So, God is perfect and loving. He is just, merciful, and kind. He operates on the principle of pure selflessness and devotion. 

God knew we would struggle to understand what it means to be good, so He reveals His goodness through the Bible.

The Ten Commandments, given to us by God, are an important source for this. Rather than being a list of dos and don’ts, they describe His character and what it means to be good—to love God and people. 

Silhouette of a man gazing at stars as we learn about God who revealed His character of love and grace to Moses.

Photo by Greg Rakozy on Unsplash

But it’s not just the Ten Commandments that reveal goodness. Throughout the Bible, God shows us how to love as He loves. And when we fall short, as we all do, He lets us know He will continue to love and guide us. 

We find more examples of goodness in the Bible, like traits worth seeking and developing and the optimal ways to live our lives.

With the help of the Holy Spirit, we can have the fruit of the Spirit: “Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control” (Galatians 5:22–23, ESV).

But knowing what is good and being good are totally different, as Paul points out: 

“For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out. For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I keep on doing” (Romans 7:18–19, ESV).

So, what is the evil that creeps in to keep us from doing good?

Evil is the opposing force to God

Evil is the absence of good and is rooted in selfishness. It’s the result of choosing to live separately from God, the source of all goodness. 

As Creator, God made human beings with the ability to love. 

But He did not pre-program us. Instead, God gave us the intelligence and mental capacity to choose who to love, and He works hard to preserve our freedom of choice. That is what makes our love real—being able to choose to love. 

When we have the ability to choose, God understands we could choose another option, one that isn’t Him and isn’t good. We could choose to live a life of service, modeled after His love, or we could choose a life for ourselves—one that is self-focused and ultimately unfulfilling and destructive. 

But before we choose, we need to understand the whole story. 

Why does evil exist? And where did evil even come from?

Not from God, as we will see (James 1:13–15).

How did evil start?

Evil was born when an angel called Lucifer became jealous of God. Though Lucifer seemingly had it all as a beautiful and powerful angel in heaven, he wanted more (Ezekiel 28:13–15). 

He didn’t want to worship God.

He wanted to be God (Isaiah 14:12-14). 

So in the perfection of heaven, the opposing side of evil came to be. Lucifer chose a self-centered life and turned his back on God and his perfect life in heaven. 

He stirred up trouble among the angels by planting doubt in their minds and leading them to question God’s authority and love. 

By this, he began a rebellion against God and all who were loyal to Him.

Eventually, Lucifer and one-third of the angels he’d persuaded were expelled from heaven and cast down to Earth (Revelation 12:4, 7–8).

It was then that Lucifer became known as Satan, the Devil, and “ruler” of the earth. He began his work to deceive and cause people on earth to doubt God, too (Revelation 12:9).

And his deceptive work continues today. 

Satan’s constant interference with God’s perfect creation creates the struggle we experience daily. 

The struggle is known to Adventists as the Great Controversy—the war that began in heaven and has continued in our world through the ages. 

What are the results of evil?

When evil entered our world, it separated us from God and created a rift between the first humans. Pain, suffering, and difficulty became part of the normal fabric of life. 

But how did evil make its way to the human family? 

When Satan was sent to the earth, he became obsessed with opposing God in every way possible. He set out to corrupt God’s creation. 

He entered the perfect Garden of Eden where Adam and Eve—the first humans—lived.

God had created the Garden to be Adam and Eve’s forever home, providing them with everything they would need to survive—pure water, plants to eat, animals to care for, and, most importantly, God’s presence.

All this came with structure. You could even say “rules.”

But these rules weren’t put in place to restrict. God put them in place to protect Adam and Eve from making choices that would hurt them.

They had access to the whole Garden, except “the tree of the knowledge of good and evil” (Genesis 2:17, ESV). God instructed them not to eat from it because if they did, they would die.

But Satan came in and lied to Eve, saying:

“You will not surely die. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil” (Genesis 3:4–5, ESV).

The lie was that she would not die. 

But he masked it with the truth—that she would know good and evil. And that truth was coupled with the statement that she would “be like God,” an appealing prospect. 

Believing the lie, Eve and her husband Adam ate the forbidden fruit (Genesis 3:6). That is when they understood evil, which they didn’t know before. Their eyes were opened—but not to anything they would want to see or experience.

Up until then, all they’d known was good. But through Satan’s temptation, Adam and Eve came to know the flip side—evil: 

“Then the Lord God said, ‘Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil’” (Genesis 3:22, NKJV).

Though Adam and Eve didn’t die right then, they opened the door for death to enter the world. Unlike God’s original plan for humanity, they and their future generations would live, and then die. 

Evil also brought with it the following painful consequences:

  • Separation from God and a shame that makes humans want to hide from God (Genesis 3:7–11) 
  • Losing the right to the Garden of Eden and the Tree of Life (Genesis 3:23–24)
  • Pain in childbirth (Genesis 3:16)
  • Wear and tear from work (Genesis 3:17–19)
  • Strained relationships and additional obstacles to having a happy relationship (Genesis 3:16)
  • The inclination to sin (Romans 7:15–20)
  • Death (Genesis 3:19)

Those consequences—and more—are the ones we continue to struggle with. 

Thankfully, God has a plan so we won’t have to struggle with them forever. 

What is the solution to evil in this world?

Silhouette of Jesus Christ with a crown of thorns on His head as He came to conquer evil

Photo by Rodolfo Clix

Since evil leads to death, and we could never save ourselves from our inclination toward it (the inclination to go against God’s law of love), God came up with a plan to save us—He sent us Jesus. Jesus Christ, the Son of God, died in our place and took our sinful fate upon Himself. 

See, God knows that whenever we make a choice against Him and experience the consequences, we become blind to His love and hardened in our rebellion against Him. We are not capable of complete love or goodness without His help (Romans 3:22–24).

So He found a way to showcase His love for us and bring us back to Him. A plan to save us from ourselves—if we choose Him.

To accomplish that, He sent Jesus. 

The Bible tells us, “God so loved the world, that He gave His only Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life” (John 3:16, ESV).

Jesus came to the earth to live as a human. He gave up everything that made Him divine and prayerfully stayed connected with His Father God. 

He was born as a human, lived a life of difficulty and poverty, and died in our place, taking on the consequence of sin—death (Romans 6:23). 

Yet, He was resurrected. And through His resurrection, we can live again. 

Because He was the only human to live on earth and not sin, He’s the only one who could take on our sins, die in our place, and be able to come back to life (1 John 3:5). Death couldn’t hold Him.

By accepting His sacrifice as a gift, our sins are covered. We no longer need to die (1 Timothy 2:5–6).

This is the hope Christians have—we aren’t left to struggle alone, even if we are the most evil people.

Jesus’ death also gives us a clearer idea of our choice between good and evil. His sacrifice showed what love is like and demonstrated the struggle between love and self, good and evil. 

And it gives us the power to choose between good and evil. 

As we make the choice to be part of God’s plan, we have the reassurance of knowing we are part of something bigger than ourselves. Life is worth living because of the hope of a blissful, eternal life with God someday (John 14:2–3).

A day when evil will be destroyed.

There will be an end to evil

The life we have to live—with its tension between good and evil—is the result of the first humans wanting to see for themselves what good and evil looked like. Now, we face choices between these opposing forces every day.

But we won’t have to struggle with the problem of evil forever. There will be a point when evil’s whole face is fully revealed. Those of us who follow Jesus will be saved, and knowing what we know about what happened on this earth, we will never, ever turn toward evil again. 

What’s more, the Devil’s time will be up. He will be destroyed (Revelation 20:7–10).

And humans, out of their own free will, will choose to love Christ and live with Him throughout a perfect, harmonious eternity (Revelation 21:4).

To learn more about God’s plan to save us from evil,

Choose an Online Bible Study

Want to keep learning? Find out more about Jesus, humanity, the plan of salvation, and how God loves you enough to sacrifice everything, just to give you a chance to choose Him.

Sometimes it can be hard to know where to start, that’s why we offer free, user-friendly, online Bible study options you can do anytime, anywhere, and at your own pace.

This online Bible school will take you through the major themes of Scripture, breaking down the Bible’s complex concepts into bite-sized pieces, which can lead you toward the answers of life’s more challenging questions.

Things to Remember

  • God did not create evil. Evil originated in Lucifer’s selfish heart (John 8:44).
  • Sin, or evil, is the breaking of God’s law of love (1 John 3:4; Matthew 22:37–40).
  • God loves the world and doesn’t want anyone to experience the consequence of evil—death (John 3:16).
  • The only way to get rid of sin and evil from our lives is to believe in Jesus and ask Him to clean us up (Isaiah 1:16–19).
  • If we confess our sins, God will forgive us and help us overcome the evil in our lives (1 John 1:9).
  • As we build a relationship with Jesus and live within the boundaries of that relationship, He keeps us from falling into evil and sin again (John 14:15; Jude 1:24).
  • Evil will be destroyed in the end, and it will never, ever come again (Nahum 1:9).

Related Articles

  1. Arn, Jackson, Mere Christianity, Book 2 (HarperCollins Publishers, 1952), pp. 29–31. []

More Answers

What Is Salvation, and How Do I Get Saved?

What Is Salvation, and How Do I Get Saved?

Salvation, or being saved, is what God wants for all of us. And since God created us with free will, this salvation is ultimately our choice. We become “saved” by accepting that Jesus Christ died on the cross, taking the punishment meant for sinners upon Himself.

What Is the 70-Week Prophecy in Daniel 9

What Is the 70-Week Prophecy in Daniel 9

Could a prophecy accurately predict an event over 500 years before it was supposed to happen?
The 70-week prophecy of Daniel 9 did, culminating in one of the most important events in earth’s history: Jesus’ sacrifice for us on the cross.

Do Seventh-day Adventists Believe in Hell?

Do Seventh-day Adventists Believe in Hell?

Seventh-day Adventists believe that any human being who accepts God’s free gift of salvation through Jesus will be given eternal life. But what about the eternal fate of those who choose not to accept Jesus?

Sola Scriptura—What It Means and Why It Matters

Sola Scriptura—What It Means and Why It Matters

Sola scriptura is a term that originated during the Protestant Reformation. It represents the way many Christians view the Bible and its authority. While the idea is simple enough, there is so much more to sola scriptura than its basic definition.

What Do Adventists Offer for Young Adults?

What Do Adventists Offer for Young Adults?

In recent years, the age group often classified as “young adults” has been trickier to engage. It’s been a significant concern for Christian churches around the world. Though interestingly enough, similar observations regarding young adults have been coming up in conversations about the economy, the entertainment industry, politics, and more.

King David: How Was He a Man After God’s Own Heart?

King David: How Was He a Man After God’s Own Heart?

War, bloodshed, murder, adultery—all of these crimes overshadowed the life of a biblical Old Testament man named David. Yet he was called a man after God’s own heart, not to mention one of Israel’s greatest heroes and kings.

Do Seventh-day Adventists Believe in the Secret Rapture

Do Seventh-day Adventists Believe in the Secret Rapture

The secret rapture belief asserts that the followers of Jesus will be suddenly and stealthily “raptured” from earth and taken to heaven. Then, any people left on earth will face a period of great difficulty—before Christ’s second coming actually happens.

Do I Need to be an Adventist to be Saved?

Do I Need to be an Adventist to be Saved?

The answer to this question is simply, “no.”

When it comes to salvation in Jesus Christ, all that is required of a person is to acknowledge Jesus’ sacrifice for us, believe that He has saved us, and claim the free gift of salvation that is always available to us. Salvation is not based on denomination.

Do You Have to Be Vegetarian to Be Adventist?

Do You Have to Be Vegetarian to Be Adventist?

Of course not. Membership in the Seventh-day Adventist Church has never included any dietary requirements. However, there might be some reasons people might think that. So many Adventists are vegetarians or even vegan, and a plant-based lifestyle has many health benefits.

What Does the Bible Say About the End Times?

What Does the Bible Say About the End Times?

First of all, when we say “end times,” this refers to the period of time that precedes the second coming of Jesus—and the end of this sinful world before it’s recreated into the new earth. And several passages of Scripture provide us with clues and guidelines to help us recognize when these times are near, what kinds of things we can expect, and what it might mean for our daily lives and priorities.

All About Seventh-day Adventist Colporteurs

All About Seventh-day Adventist Colporteurs

The Seventh-day Adventist Church uses a variety of methods to spread the hope of the gospel to the world. One of these ways is through colporteuring, also called “canvassing” or “literature evangelism.”

Does Prayer Work? If So, How Are Prayers Answered?

Does Prayer Work? If So, How Are Prayers Answered?

Prayer is how human beings reach out to a higher power. For Christians, it’s how we communicate with God. But does it really work? Is it true that God actually intervenes in situations when we call out to Him for help? And why are some prayers answered immediately, while others seem to go unanswered or not get answered for a long time?

What Did Ellen White Teach About Vegetarianism?

What Did Ellen White Teach About Vegetarianism?

One thing you might have heard about Seventh-day Adventists is their emphasis on a vegetarian lifestyle. If you’re wondering why that is, it goes back to our church’s humble beginnings:

Steps to Christ: A Guide to a Relationship with Jesus

Steps to Christ: A Guide to a Relationship with Jesus

Whether you’re just starting your journey with Jesus Christ, are coming back after some time away, or have had a relationship with Jesus for years, using a book—in addition to the Bible—to guide or supplement that relationship can be helpful, comforting, and joyful.

What Is an Adventist Book Center (ABC)?

What Is an Adventist Book Center (ABC)?

When you walk into any one of the many Adventist Book Center (ABC) locations, chances are you’ll be greeted by pleasant gospel music in the background, friendly employees, and row after row of Christian books, movies, Bibles, study guides, kids’ games, and more.

Prayer—How Do I Do It?

Prayer—How Do I Do It?

Prayer is intentional communication with God. And the way you go about it is much like how you’d communicate with your best friend. You can reach out anytime and anywhere, in the way that’s most natural between the two of you.

15 Examples of Prayer in the Bible

15 Examples of Prayer in the Bible

Prayer is the primary way we maintain our relationship with God. It’s our method of communication, and He miraculously hears every word that comes from our hearts.

Do Seventh-day Adventists Celebrate Holidays?

Do Seventh-day Adventists Celebrate Holidays?

Wondering whether your Adventist classmate or coworker keeps the same holidays you do? Perhaps you want to include them in some festivities, but you also want to respect their beliefs. Thus, you’re unsure of how to navigate the holiday question. Will they accept your invitation to the office Christmas party?

Ellen White and Adventist Healthcare—Ahead of Their Time

Ellen White and Adventist Healthcare—Ahead of Their Time

Medical care in the mid-1800s was primitive, to say the least. Basic concepts we take for granted—such as proper handwashing or recognizing the dangers of bloodletting—were nonexistent. And doctors often had little more than nine months of training!

How Ellen White’s Teachings Can Improve Your Health

How Ellen White’s Teachings Can Improve Your Health

Healthcare in the nineteenth century was said to leave “more disease than it took away” with its use of bloodletting and “medicines” like mercury and arsenic. As people questioned these methods, new approaches popped up. But which ones were reliable?

Do Adventists Worship Ellen White?

Do Adventists Worship Ellen White?

Ellen White was a co-founder and leader in the Seventh-day Adventist Church from its beginning. Adventists believe that she had the prophetic gift (Ephesians 4:14; 1 Corinthians 12:28) and passes the biblical tests of a prophet.

Can I Be an Adventist If I Don’t Believe in Ellen White?

Can I Be an Adventist If I Don’t Believe in Ellen White?

Ellen White is an important part of the Seventh-day Adventist Church: she played a significant role in its founding, provided biblical support for several key doctrines, and continues to inspire church members today with her insightful counsel.

Do Seventh-day Adventists Believe in Medical Care?

Do Seventh-day Adventists Believe in Medical Care?

The Seventh-day Adventist Church believes in and supports evidence-based medical care. In fact, medicine has played a significant part in our history, and today we run a major health system with hospitals, medical schools, and clinics throughout the world.

Why do Adventists Emphasize Religious Liberty?

Why do Adventists Emphasize Religious Liberty?

Adventists see religious liberty as an essential human right. After all, God endowed humanity with freedom of choice from the very beginning. So we believe it’s best for governments to also support their citizens’ rights to worship based on their convictions.

All about Adventist Elementary Schools

All about Adventist Elementary Schools

The Seventh-day Adventist Church operates the largest Protestant education system in the world. A big part of this system is our K-8 elementary schools, or primary schools, as they’re known in other parts of the world.

What Are Pathfinder and Adventurer Clubs?

What Are Pathfinder and Adventurer Clubs?

Like the boy or girl scouts, Pathfinders and Adventurers learn about nature and life skills. But what makes these clubs special is their purpose to bring young people closer to Jesus.

Didn’t find your answer? Ask us!

We understand your concern of having questions but not knowing who to ask—we’ve felt it ourselves. When you’re ready to learn more about Adventists, send us a question! We know a thing or two about Adventists.